The two most commonly experienced eye-related problems are dry eyes and ocular allergies. Although some symptoms are similar, there are distinct differences between the two eye conditions. In fact, dry eyes and ocular allergies can occur simultaneously.
- Allergic Conjunctivitis: When your eyes are exposed to substances like pollen or mold spores, they may become red. Itchy, watery, and burning eyes are common symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis. You may also wake up in the morning with puffy eyes. Allergic conjunctivitis is an eye inflammation caused by an allergic reaction to environmental factors like pollen, cat dander, dust mites, etc.
- Dry Eyes: When you blink, a film of tears spreads over the eye. This keeps the eye’s surface smooth and clear. The tear film is important for good vision. The tear film is made of three layers: mucin, water, and lipids. The underlying cause of dry eye is usually a deficiency in one or more of the three layers of the tear film (lipid, aqueous, and mucin) due to underproduction of tears or excessive tear evaporation. Certain medical conditions can also cause dry eyes. The most common symptoms include burning, a sandy, gritty feeling, redness, and sometimes reflex tearing.
Treatment and Prevention:
Treatment is different for dry eyes and ocular allergies. Dry eye treatment includes treating the meibomian glands, the underlying inflammation, and using tear lubricants. The best way to prevent eye allergies is to prevent your exposure to substances you’re allergic to. The treatment for ocular allergy includes using antihistamine/mast cell stabilisers (to prevent the release of histamine from the mast cells), artificial lubricants, and cool compresses. These can be especially helpful to use during allergy season, when you may need to use them multiple times a day.
RINA MISTRY
Optometrist
Specialty Contact lens consultant